Belize, like many other low-lying coastal nations, is vulnerable to climate change. Because of its geographic location, the country is vulnerable to rising sea levels and increased frequency and intensity of tropical storms.
Its economic reliance on natural resources makes it more vulnerable to rising temperatures and the consequences for agricultural production, fishery ecosystems, and other industries.
Scientists have decided that global warming is “unambiguous” (IPCC, 2007) and that human activities have increased the impacts, primarily through greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide (CO2)
Global temperatures are rising, sea levels are rising, and polar ice is melting, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC, 2007). The paper warns that if greenhouse gas emissions continue unabated, climate change will undermine the global sustainability of social, economic, and ecological systems.
Flooding, coastal erosion, drought, and ecosystem degradation are all serious threats to tropical islands and coastal areas. The threat of climate change necessitates global multilateral action by policymakers and the private sector to find ways to minimize global greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change’s effects.
Furthermore, the current effects necessitate that certain countries develop strategies to adapt to impending climate change in order to reduce susceptibility and increase resistance to future threats.
Belize is situated on the Central American peninsula, within the Yucatan Peninsula, between 15°45′ and 18°30′ north latitude and 87°30′ and 89°15′ west longitude. Mexico borders it on the north, Guatemala on the west and south, and the Caribbean Sea on the east.
The overall land area is 22,960 square kilometers (8,867 square miles), with 95 percent of it being on the mainland and the remaining 5% spread across more than 1,060 islands. The total area of the country (including the territorial sea) is 46,620 square kilometers (approximately 18,000 square miles).
It’s a small Central American country with a lengthy, low-lying coastline that’s prone to natural calamities like tropical storms and flooding. Forests occupy three-quarters of the area, supporting delicate ecosystems.
The country is located in the hurricane belt and gets hit by a hurricane every three years on average (Belize 2002). As seen by the damage to Belize’s agriculture industry in late 2007 and late 2010, these hurricanes have had a negative impact on the country’s people and economy.
Following Hurricane Mitch’s threat in October 1998, hurricane preparedness and methods to lessen the consequences of natural disasters were reviewed. Hurricane Mitch, and more recently hurricanes Keith and Iris, have served to raise awareness of climate change issues, mitigation, and adaptation among government officials and the general population.
Agriculture accounts for 71% of the country’s foreign exchange revenues and employs approximately 29% of the workforce. Citrus, sugar, bananas, and marine products are all important export crops (such as shrimp).Tourism, on the other hand, is Belize’s largest source of foreign cash, and the government has designated it as a priority for further growth (USDS, 2011).
To a distance of several kilometers inland, large areas of the coastline have an elevation of less than one meter. In the far west of the country, the ground rises to an elevation of around 250 meters above sea level (asl) in the north. The Maya Mountain/Mountain Pine Ridge massif, which rises to 1,124 meters above sea level (3688 feet) at its highest point, dominates the center region of the country.
Northern Belize has a subtropical climate, with 1,500 mm of annual rainfall (60 inches). As you travel south, the environment gets more tropical, and annual rainfall reaches 3,800 mm (150 inches).
There are distinct rainy and dry seasons separated by a cold transitional period in the climate. The rainy season begins in the southern United States in mid-May and ends in the northern United States in mid-June. It lasts until November, however there is a dry spell in August in most regions.
During this season, tropical systems, including tropical cyclones, produce over 60% of the yearly precipitation. From November through February, there is a cool transition time.
Rainfall decreases, and 12 cold fronts pass through the country during this time. Strong anticyclones in the Atlantic produce a steady, consistent south-easterly wind across the country throughout the real dry season, which lasts from February to April.
reference- adaptation-undp,Wikipeida
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